Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is used as a bactericide and algicide in water and wastewater treatment, and as an oxidant in organic chemical synthesis. Manganese metal is used as a brick and ceramic colorant, in copper and aluminum alloys, and as a chemical oxidizer and catalyst. Manganese sulfate (MnSO4) is used as a chemical intermediate and as a micronutrient in animal feeds and plant fertilizers. Manganese dioxide is used to: manufacture ferroalloys manufacture dry cell batteries to “decolorize” glass and to dry black paints.
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Hardened steel is important in the manufacture of construction materials like I-beams (24% of manganese consumption), machinery (14% of manganese consumption), and transportation (13% of manganese consumption). Steel becomes harder when it is alloyed with manganese. Most underground mining commonly is done by room-and-pillar methods. South Africa and Ukraine currently account for the largest proportion of ore extracted from underground mines. Haul trucks and/or conveyors transport this material for further processing. Because of its relatively short half-life, 53 Mn occurs only in tiny amounts due to the action of cosmic rays on iron in rocks. 53 Mn decays to 53 Cr with a half-life of 3.7 million years. Virtually all the larger operations around the world are open-pit mines using standard equipment and methods for overburden removal and ore extraction. Manganese is part of the iron group of elements, which are thought to be synthesized in large stars shortly before supernova explosions. In the body, manganese is a cofactor of many important enzymes that are involved in the synthesis of polysaccharide, fatty acids, and urea from ammonia, regeneration of red blood cells, the. Manganese chemical symbol is Mn and the atomic number is 25. South Africa and the Ukraine have over 80% of the world’s reserves. Manganese is a naturally occurring transition metal and an important trace element in the body. The U.S., Japan, and Western Europe are all nearly deficient in economically mineable manganese. Manganese is essential to iron and steel production.
The most important of these minerals is pyrolusite, the main ore mineral for manganese.
#MN ELEMENT FREE#
On Earth, manganese is never found as a free metal, but it is found in a number of minerals. Manganese easily reacts with water and air. Manganese (element #25, symbol Mn) is a gray-white metal with a pinkish tinge, and is very brittle, but hard. Darkish, black to lighter grey, sometimes bluish Luster
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